Product Advantages and Performance Overview of Cubic Boron Nitride

Release date:

2021-07-30

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Cubic boron nitride (CBN) single-crystal powder, whether used with or without a binder, is sintered under high temperature and high pressure to produce polycrystalline cubic boron nitride. The grain size and purification of the CBN feedstock, vacuum deoxygenation, particle size distribution, the chemical composition and formulation of the binder, as well as synthesis process parameters such as temperature, pressure, and assembly configuration, all exert significant influence on the performance and product quality of PCBN.

Introduction to the properties of cubic boron nitride:

1. High hardness. The hardness of PCBN cutting tools is second only to diamond and significantly exceeds that of cemented carbide and ceramic tools; therefore, they can machine quenched steels, cast irons, and cemented carbides with a hardness exceeding HRC 60.

1. High wear resistance: Cubic boron nitride exhibits significantly superior wear resistance compared to cemented carbides and ceramics; its tool life is typically 3–5 times that of ceramic tools and 5–15 times that of cemented carbide tools.

2. High chemical inertness: Cubic boron nitride exhibits minimal chemical reactivity with iron-group elements and their alloys at 1200–1300°C, thereby overcoming the chemical affinity between polycrystalline diamond tools and iron. It also demonstrates superior oxidation resistance and significantly weaker adhesive and diffusive interactions with various materials compared to cemented carbides.

3. High thermal stability: Its heat resistance can reach 1,400°C, significantly higher than that of diamond tools (700–800°C). Practical experience demonstrates that it maintains excellent cutting sharpness even at cutting temperatures exceeding 1,100°C, making it well suited for dry machining.

4. High thermal conductivity: Among various tool materials, cubic boron nitride has a thermal conductivity of 79.54 W/(m·K), second only to diamond and significantly superior to cemented carbide. Moreover, the thermal conductivity of PCBN increases with rising temperature.

5. Low coefficient of friction: Compared with other tool materials, it exhibits a low coefficient of friction. The friction coefficient between cubic boron nitride and various materials ranges from 0.1 to 0.3, whereas that of cemented carbide is 0.4 to 0.6. Moreover, as cutting speed increases, the friction coefficient tends to decrease, thereby reducing cutting forces and minimizing built-up edge formation.

However, at temperatures exceeding 1000°C, PCBN readily reacts with water; therefore, water or water-based lubricants should not be used as coolants during machining. It is essential to carefully select appropriate coolant types and optimize process parameters such as cutting temperature.